Visa Requirements for Romanian Citizens
As of early 2025, Romanian citizens may soon enjoy visa-free access to the United States under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). However, until this change takes effect, Romanians will need to obtain a visa before traveling to the U.S. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the different types of visas available, the application process, entry requirements, and upcoming changes regarding visa-free travel. Whether you’re planning a short vacation, a business trip, or a long-term stay, understanding the visa process is crucial to ensure a smooth travel experience.
Types of Visas for Different Purposes
Romanian citizens planning to visit the United States will need to apply for a visa, unless the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) comes into effect during their travel period. The U.S. offers several types of visas depending on the purpose of travel. Below, we will break down the most common types of visas:
1. Tourist Visa (B-1/B-2)
The most common type of visa for Romanian citizens traveling to the U.S. for short-term visits, including tourism, visiting family or friends, and attending events, is the B-2 Tourist Visa. If you are traveling for business purposes, you may also require the B-1 Business Visa. In most cases, these two visas are applied for together as a B-1/B-2 visa.
Validity: The B-1/B-2 visa is typically issued for up to 6 months, although the length of stay is determined at the point of entry by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
Purpose: This visa is suitable for Romanian citizens who plan to travel to the U.S. for tourism, medical treatment, attending conferences, or other similar activities.
2. Work, Study, or Immigration Visas
If you intend to visit the United States for purposes other than tourism, such as studying or working, you will need to apply for a different type of visa.
Work Visa (H-1B, L-1, O-1, etc.)
H-1B: For specialty occupations that require a higher level of education or expertise.
L-1: For employees of international companies who are being transferred to a U.S. office.
O-1: For individuals with extraordinary abilities in the sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics.
Student Visa (F-1)
Romanian students planning to study in the U.S. will need an F-1 student visa. This visa is issued to those accepted into a U.S. academic program.
Immigrant Visas (Green Card)
If you are planning to move to the U.S. permanently, you will need to apply for an immigrant visa, which leads to a green card.
Visa Application Process for Romanian Citizens
The visa application process for U.S. entry can be lengthy and requires several steps. Here’s a breakdown of the standard process for obtaining a U.S. visa:
1. Complete the DS-160 Form
The first step in the visa application process is to complete the DS-160 form, an online application form for non-immigrant visas. This form asks for personal information, travel plans, background details, and the purpose of your trip. It is essential to answer all questions truthfully and completely, as inaccuracies can result in delays or denials of your application.
2. Schedule an Interview
Once the DS-160 form is completed, you will need to schedule a visa interview at the U.S. embassy or consulate in Romania. Visa interviews are typically required for applicants aged 14 to 79. Applicants outside this age range may be eligible for a visa renewal without an interview, depending on specific circumstances.
During the interview, a consular officer will ask questions about your travel plans, finances, and ties to Romania to determine whether you are eligible for a visa.
3. Prepare Supporting Documents
You will need to gather several supporting documents for your visa interview, including:
- A valid passport with at least six months of validity remaining
- A passport-sized photo (according to U.S. visa photo requirements)
- DS-160 confirmation page
- Visa application fee receipt
- Proof of financial support to cover your expenses in the U.S.
- Travel itinerary (if applicable)
- Evidence of your ties to Romania (such as a job, family, or property)
4. Attend the Interview
At the interview, a consular officer will review your application and supporting documents, ask questions, and determine whether you meet the requirements for the visa you are applying for. If approved, your visa will be stamped in your passport, and you will be allowed to travel to the U.S. The officer may also advise you to submit additional documents if needed.
5. Visa Processing Time
Processing times for U.S. visas can vary depending on factors such as the type of visa, your personal circumstances, and the volume of applications being processed. It is advisable to apply for your visa well in advance of your intended travel dates, as processing can take several weeks.
Interview Waiver for Certain Applicants
In some cases, Romanian citizens who have previously held a U.S. visa may qualify for an interview waiver. This is particularly true for those applying for visa renewals or for applicants who meet certain criteria (e.g., low-risk applicants). If you qualify for an interview waiver, you will not need to attend an in-person interview, which can speed up the application process.
Entry & Travel Restrictions
1. Passport Validity
When applying for a U.S. visa, Romanian citizens must ensure that their passport is valid for at least six months beyond the intended duration of their stay. U.S. authorities are strict about this requirement, and if your passport is not valid for the required period, your visa application may be denied.
2. Travel History and Eligibility for Visa Waiver
Certain travel histories may affect your eligibility for visa-free travel under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP). For example, if you have visited countries that are subject to U.S. sanctions or if you have been denied entry to the U.S. in the past, this could complicate your application process.
3. Customs & Border Protection
Even after receiving a visa, Romanian travelers must be aware that entry into the U.S. is ultimately determined by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers at the port of entry. The officer may ask for additional documentation or clarify the purpose of your visit before granting entry.
Upcoming Changes: Visa Waiver Program
1. Romania’s Participation in the Visa Waiver Program
As of early 2025, Romania has successfully met the criteria required to join the U.S. Visa Waiver Program (VWP), allowing Romanian citizens to travel to the U.S. without obtaining a visa for short stays. This change is expected to streamline the travel process for Romanian citizens who wish to visit the U.S. for tourism or business purposes for up to 90 days.
2. ESTA: Electronic System for Travel Authorization
Once the VWP is in effect, Romanian travelers will no longer need a visa for short trips to the U.S. Instead, they will need to apply for an ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorization) before departure. The ESTA is an online application that requires travelers to answer a few questions about their background and travel plans. Once approved, the ESTA is valid for two years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first.
It is important to note that an ESTA approval does not guarantee entry into the U.S. It simply allows travelers to board a flight to the U.S. Upon arrival, CBP officers will decide whether to grant entry based on your eligibility.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Romanian citizens currently require a visa to travel to the U.S., but the situation will change soon with Romania’s expected participation in the Visa Waiver Program. Until then, if you’re planning to visit the U.S., you will need to go through the visa application process, which includes completing the DS-160 form, attending an interview, and providing supporting documents.
With the future implementation of the VWP, Romanian travelers will benefit from a more streamlined process, requiring only an ESTA for short visits. Whether you are visiting for business, tourism, or another purpose, staying informed about the visa requirements and procedures will ensure a smooth and successful trip to the United States.
